Knockdown of galectin-1 in MSCs by retroviral transfection. (A) qPCR analysis of the galectin-1 knockdown in MSCs. After normalization with hAlas mRNA, the relative copy numbers of galectin-1 in retroviral transfected MSCs were compared with the copy number in untreated MSCs (100%). The data are shown as means ± SD of 5 independent experiments. (B) Western blot analysis of the galectin-1 knockdown in whole-cell lysates of MSCs (20 μg protein was loaded per lane). (C) MSC^G1▾ released less galectin-1 than MSC^wt or MSC^contr into the supernatant measured by ELISA, 15 000 MSCs were seeded (representative of n = 3). Data are shown as means of quadruplicates (± SD).